Written by Medication Safety & Deprescribing (Polypharmacy)
What is Polypharmacy?
Polypharmacy means taking multiple medicines at the same time, often defined as five or more regular medicines.
It is common in older adults and people with long-term conditions. Some combinations are necessary,
but others may increase risk without providing benefit.
Risks & Red Flags
- Higher chance of side effects or drug interactions.
- Increased risk of falls, confusion, and hospital admissions.
- Red flags: sudden dizziness, fainting, severe confusion, new chest pain, or breathing difficulty — seek urgent care via 999 or NHS 111.
Assessment & Review
Regular medicines reviews with your GP, pharmacist, or specialist help check whether all medicines remain
appropriate. Reviews look at:
- Current conditions and goals of care.
- Effectiveness of each medicine.
- Side effects and interactions.
- Patient preferences and quality of life.
Deprescribing in Practice
Deprescribing is the planned process of reducing or stopping medicines that are no longer needed or may be
causing harm. It should always be done under medical supervision. Typical steps include:
- Identifying medicines that may be stopped or reduced.
- Prioritising changes based on risk and benefit.
- Gradually reducing doses where needed (tapering).
- Monitoring closely for withdrawal or symptom changes.
Safe Self-Management
Patients and carers can help by:
- Keeping an up-to-date medicines list.
- Using a pill organiser or pharmacy blister packs.
- Reporting side effects early.
- Bringing all medicines (including over-the-counter and herbal) to appointments.
FAQs
Should I stop medicines on my own?
No — always consult your GP or pharmacist before stopping or reducing any prescribed medicines.
How often should medicines be reviewed?
At least once a year, or sooner if health status changes, new symptoms develop, or new medicines are added.
References
- NHS England. Polypharmacy guidance.
- National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). Medicines optimisation: the safe and effective use of medicines.
- Royal Pharmaceutical Society. Polypharmacy: Getting our medicines right.