Written by Falls Prevention (Over 70s)
What is Falls Prevention?
Falls prevention involves steps taken to reduce the risk of falling, particularly among older adults. For people over 70, preventing falls is crucial to maintaining independence, avoiding injury, and reducing hospital admissions.
Risk Factors in Over 70s
- Muscle weakness and poor balance
- Vision and hearing impairment
- Chronic conditions such as osteoporosis, diabetes, or heart disease
- Medication side effects (e.g., dizziness)
- Environmental hazards (loose rugs, poor lighting, clutter)
Assessment & Screening (UK)
GPs and community teams can perform a falls risk assessment. This may include:
- Review of medical history and medications
- Balance and walking tests
- Vision and hearing checks
- Blood pressure measurements (standing and sitting)
Prevention Strategies
Evidence-based strategies include:
- Regular strength and balance training
- Medication review with your GP
- Routine eye and hearing tests
- Safe footwear with good grip
- Vitamin D and calcium where appropriate
Exercise & Strength Programmes
Structured exercise programmes reduce falls by improving balance and muscle strength. NHS programmes such as “Strength and Balance” classes or community Zoom sessions are recommended.
Home Safety & Modifications
Making the home safer can significantly cut the risk of falls:
- Install grab rails in bathrooms and staircases
- Remove tripping hazards such as loose carpets
- Improve lighting in hallways and stairs
- Use non-slip mats in bathrooms
FAQs
Q: Should I use a walking aid?
A: If recommended by your GP or physiotherapist, walking sticks or frames can improve stability.
Q: Can medication increase my risk of falls?
A: Yes. Drugs for blood pressure, sleep, or mood can cause dizziness. Always review with your GP.
References
- NICE Guidelines: Falls in older people (CG161)
- NHS: Preventing falls in older people
- Public Health England: Falls prevention resources